Neil Gaimans Writing

Introduction Neil Gaiman is an internationally acclaimed English writer with a wide range of comic books, fiction novels, and short stories and children’s books to his name. His literary style has intrigued many readers around the world and as a result, he has won numerous outstanding awards from his literary work.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Neil Gaiman’s Writing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More His writing prowess is attested by the fact that his work has done notably well across several genres of the literary world. This research paper is only interested in his works in the fiction genre and shall consider the novel, Neverwhere and short stories from Smoke and Mirrors. The research paper seeks to identify external literary and cultural influences on Gaiman’s work and establish whether they serve to enrich or bring about a lack of originality in the author’s work. Gaiman ’s use of Greek Mythology Greek mythology has been widely used by many authors from virtually all genres of literature and Gaiman is not an exception. In his novel Neverwhere, Gaiman manages to weave elements of Greek mythology in the plot. He depicts his main character, Richard, as a hero in a completely different style. Extraordinary, heroes are typical of ancient Greek mythology and Gaiman’s depiction of Richard seems to pitch him as one. He is indeed an extraordinary hero because at first, he is willing to lose his fiancà © in his endeavor to assist the injured young woman, Door. Despite living an almost non-bearable life shortly after Door’s departure, when he finally finds her in ‘London below’, he sets aside all his interests and resolves to offer a helping hand. Richard’s heroic nature manifests in the beauty of his character, viz. his steadfast loyalty and kind heart rather in deeds (Schupbach Para.16). Richard’s fall through the ‘crack’ to ‘London below’ definitely reminds one of mythical tales in which everything is possible. In the London below, the speaking rats, the earls, and the monsters in sewers are further instances of mythology alluded to by Gaiman in this novel. He clutters, â€Å"Oh yes. Yes-yes-yes†¦I know exactly what to do with him† (Gaiman Neverwhere 69). This was the Lord-Rat-Speaker at his first meeting with Richard. He further depicts the villains in the novel as dangerous assassins who survived the Trojan War, a war that only exists in the depths of the Greek mythology. It is clear at this point that Gaiman, in his effort to portray how dangerous the villains were, brings in the idea of a war that is touted as having been very serious. Therefore, it is evident that Gaiman’s style is one that outsources necessary information to strengthen the images that he creates while writing. In the short story Chivalry, which is found under the collec tion, Smoke ad Mirrors, Gaiman alludes to ancient mythology in the form of a phoenix egg that is brought as a present by Galaad to the old woman, Mrs. Whitaker, to convince her to let go of the Holy Grail (Gaiman Smoke and Mirrors 45).Advertising Looking for research paper on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The decision to use the mythical bird’s egg in the short story seems to be aimed at showing just how important the Holy Grail was and effort that could be expended in wrestling it out of the old woman’s possession. This effort goes for the apple of life too as it was a fruit that could only come out of a mythical world. Where Galaad gets the gifts from is shrouded in mystery, but eventually, he succeeds in getting the Holy Grail. Gaiman’s attraction to Greek mythology is further evident in â€Å"Nicholas Was†¦Ã¢â‚¬  where he seems to depict Santa Claus in the old man, Nicho las. Based on the short story, the torment that the old man endures while supplying children with Christmas gifts was far much beyond what Prometheus endured while serving his eternal sentence. The fact that he envied Prometheus can only mean that his torment was so much that he would have gladly traded places with Prometheus if given the chance. Influence of fairy and folk tales on Gaiman’s work Fairy and folk tales have influenced Gaiman’s work as well to a considerable extent. In the novel Neverwhere, Richard’s quest to see the angel to grant him the ability to return home to his normal life is an example. The existence of an angel in London below is a phenomenon that can only be conceived in fairy tales. Therefore, he combines fairyland possibilities with other styles such as fantasy to deliver a story that remains etched in the minds of his readers for a long time (Smith 25). The overlap of London below with fairyland is again witnessed in Gaiman’s d escription of the dwarfs, which coexisted with the inhabitants of London below. In the short stories included in Smoke and Mirrors, the influence of fairy tales is witnessed in ‘Nicholas Was†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ when Gaiman describes the old man so vividly that when he brings in the idea of distributing gifts to sleeping children, it becomes obvious that he is talking about Santa Claus. Though the story is very short, he manages to fit this style and a lot more others into the stories. This aspect confirms fairy tales also influenced the position that Gaiman’s writings to some reasonable degree. Influence of classic English fantasy literature on Gaiman’s work Gaiman heavily employs classic English fantasy in the novel Neverwhere, which generally falls under the category of urban fantasy novel. The moment Richard descends to London below, the novel shifts from being a normal work of fiction to a fantasy novel. To begin with, the vivid description of London below is a pe rfect example of fantasy. The author creates a completely new world right under the streets of London or rather ‘London above’ with a description that is almost tangible. The inhabitants of this new world are also creations of the author’s imagination.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Neil Gaiman’s Writing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They add to the blend of fantasy that the author depicts in the story. They are people complete with everything they require to live their lives and are completely oblivious of the possibilities of living a life besides the one they have in their world. Door’s disappearance to this world after getting better is a clear indicator that she did not care much about the comforts that life in ‘London above’ could offer. Richard’s transition from his normal self to this other person, who did not exist to other people around him, was yet another product of the author’s imagination. The fact that a human being can exist yet be barely noticed by all people around him/her gives the impression that s/he might have been invisible yet s/he sees them and thinks s/he is in the same realm with them. This same display of fantasy is witnessed in Chivalry when the author refers to the Holy Grail and all the importance attached to it yet to Mrs. Whitaker, it is nothing more than an item that adds beauty to her house (Marcus Para.12). Galaad’s trips to nobody knows where and his return with the different items to appease the old lady to give him the Holy Grail also seems to bring about an element of fantasy in the short story. It cannot be explained how he could access items, which only existed in ancient Greek mythology, in his human nature. In addition, the items could do exactly what was said of them, which is slightly hinted at when Mrs. Whitaker touches the different items and realizes that she in stantly feels different. Influence of pulp fiction on Gaiman’s writing Gaiman in his writing also alludes to pulp fiction especially in Neverwhere when he creates a young woman whom Richard finds himself willing to assist under whatever circumstances. The idea of a hero striving to save a lady finds its roots in pulp fiction. This observation means that when Richard sets out on dangerous adventures although with some element of unwillingness or doubt about his desire to assist, Gaiman is borrowing from pulp fiction. Richard assists the girl in ‘London above’ and it costs him so much, but still goes ahead to help in ‘London below’ where his ability to help is highly doubted by Door herself. He eventually emerges as a unique hero not in deeds, but in his way of thinking and his perception of all that they went through. Ultimately, he does not fall in love with Door as many would have expected and this element adds to his uniqueness as a hero in the sto ry. Conclusion The works of Neil Gaiman will continue to intrigue many who come across them because they are a product of a clever combination of different styles of writing blended with the author’s unique writing style.Advertising Looking for research paper on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gaiman’s approach to writing could easily be thought of as lacking in originality, but in essence, the numerous allusions made to various sources serve to create the effects he desires without having to use a lot of words. Clearly, the influence that other works of literature have on Gaiman’s work serves to enrich it rather than to water it down. He is a great writer. Works Cited Gaiman, Neil. Neverwhere, New York City: Harper Collins Publisher, 1997. Print. Gaiman, Neil. Smoke and Mirrors, New York City: Avon, 1999. Print. Marcus, Richard. Book Review: Smoke And Mirrors: Short Fictions and Illusions by Neil Gaiman, 2008. Web. Schupbach, Jo. The Inverted City – The Use of London’s Underground in Neil Gaiman’s Neverwhere, 2011. Web. Smith, Clay. â€Å"Get Gaiman?: PolyMorpheus Perversity in Works by and about Neil Gaiman.† Interdisciplinary Comics Studies 4.1 (2008): 1-29. Print. This research paper on Neil Gaiman’s Writing was written and submitted by user Audriana Pacheco to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Supermax Prisons

From the beginning of the prison system to today’s modern times there has been many changes and advancements in how criminals are housed. The only thing that hasn’t changed is the types of offenders that exist inside. It has been said that there are two types of offenders. The first type is the lesser violent and non-aggressive inmates that cooperate with the Correctional Officers and other personnel in charge. They are usually housed together at night and work together during the day. Typically, the inmates are able to remain civil with each other and are able to be mixed together. The other types are the more seriously violent criminals. They are usually confined in separate areas of the prison away from the other less violent criminals or are taken to a more secured prison called the â€Å"Supermax† prison. â€Å"Supermax† prisons, also known as Super-maximum security prisons, are places intended to house offenders that terrorize the safety of the public, prison personnel, and other less violent inmates. They can be located in separated units in regular federal prisons or isolated by themselves away from communities. There are approximately 32 to 42 states that currently have supermax prisons in operation and for the other states the do not they transfer their inmates to these prisons (Briggs). The theory behind super-max prisons is that total separation from the world will bring about behavioral change. â€Å"Control units subject inmates to extremes of isolation and control on the premise that they are too dangerous to be housed in â€Å"general population†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (BSOS). The characteristics of the typical inmate include severe mental illness, disruptiveness, abusiveness, extreme violence, uncooperativeness, prone to escaping or attempt to escape often, and those who have serious behavior problems (Anderson). The prisoners themselves live in individual cells and remain there for ... Free Essays on Supermax Prisons Free Essays on Supermax Prisons From the beginning of the prison system to today’s modern times there has been many changes and advancements in how criminals are housed. The only thing that hasn’t changed is the types of offenders that exist inside. It has been said that there are two types of offenders. The first type is the lesser violent and non-aggressive inmates that cooperate with the Correctional Officers and other personnel in charge. They are usually housed together at night and work together during the day. Typically, the inmates are able to remain civil with each other and are able to be mixed together. The other types are the more seriously violent criminals. They are usually confined in separate areas of the prison away from the other less violent criminals or are taken to a more secured prison called the â€Å"Supermax† prison. â€Å"Supermax† prisons, also known as Super-maximum security prisons, are places intended to house offenders that terrorize the safety of the public, prison personnel, and other less violent inmates. They can be located in separated units in regular federal prisons or isolated by themselves away from communities. There are approximately 32 to 42 states that currently have supermax prisons in operation and for the other states the do not they transfer their inmates to these prisons (Briggs). The theory behind super-max prisons is that total separation from the world will bring about behavioral change. â€Å"Control units subject inmates to extremes of isolation and control on the premise that they are too dangerous to be housed in â€Å"general population†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (BSOS). The characteristics of the typical inmate include severe mental illness, disruptiveness, abusiveness, extreme violence, uncooperativeness, prone to escaping or attempt to escape often, and those who have serious behavior problems (Anderson). The prisoners themselves live in individual cells and remain there for ...

Cause Effect of European Exploration

All of Europe had the excitement and hesitation of finding new places. There were many reasons for Europe to grow and expand, some of the causes for Europe’s expansion were; a search for new trade routes, religion, new technology, the desire for new products and gold. Europe wanted to find a new trade route to Asia because they wanted the silk, spices, jewels, and riches from China and India that were very valuable. One of the problems that were faced was that when they arrived in Western Europe, the products had been taxed so many times along the way that they were extremely expensive. They wanted to find a route around so that they could get the goods first. They wanted to find a northwest passage. Christian rulers in Europe wanted to spread their religion of Christianity throughout the overseas exploration, they felt they had a duty to keep fighting for Muslims but also to convert non- Christians throughout the world. Bartolomeu Dias (Portuguese explorer) said that his motive was â€Å"to serve God and His Majesty, to give light to those who were in darkness and to grow rich as all men desire to do. † European explores had better navigation skills and equipment to help them find their way. They had a compass and moveable rudder which allowed the explorers to sail even further than before. They also used an astrolabe which used the stars to determine how far north or south they were from the equator. European explorers were on a mission to find these new lands and new technologies, those causes stimulated effects for the aftermath of the exploration. One of the effects on European exploration was the Columbian Exchange. This exchange consisted of trading between the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia. The Americas sent over squash, pumpkins, turkey, peanuts, potatoes, tomatoes, corn, sweet potatoes, peppers, tobacco, pineapple, cacao, beans and vanilla. Europe, Africa and Asia sent over citrus fruits, bananas, grapes, sugar cane, honeybees, onions, olives, turnips, peaches, pears, and coffee beans. They also sent over items other then food such as grains, wheat, rice, barley and oats. They sent many types of live stock and a huge thing they sent over was disease. The Triangle Trade was another trading system between New England the West Indies and West Africa. New England sent West Africa rum, guns/ gunpowder, cloth and tools. West Africa sent sugar and molasses to New England and New England sent back livestock, lumber, flour and fish. As the trading increased during the sixteenth and throughout the eighteenth century, millions of people were taken out of their home and deported to plantations in the New World. Europeans risked their lives to explore new lands, the expansion abroad come with hopes for land, riches and social advancement. Cause Effect of European Exploration All of Europe had the excitement and hesitation of finding new places. There were many reasons for Europe to grow and expand, some of the causes for Europe’s expansion were; a search for new trade routes, religion, new technology, the desire for new products and gold. Europe wanted to find a new trade route to Asia because they wanted the silk, spices, jewels, and riches from China and India that were very valuable. One of the problems that were faced was that when they arrived in Western Europe, the products had been taxed so many times along the way that they were extremely expensive. They wanted to find a route around so that they could get the goods first. They wanted to find a northwest passage. Christian rulers in Europe wanted to spread their religion of Christianity throughout the overseas exploration, they felt they had a duty to keep fighting for Muslims but also to convert non- Christians throughout the world. Bartolomeu Dias (Portuguese explorer) said that his motive was â€Å"to serve God and His Majesty, to give light to those who were in darkness and to grow rich as all men desire to do. † European explores had better navigation skills and equipment to help them find their way. They had a compass and moveable rudder which allowed the explorers to sail even further than before. They also used an astrolabe which used the stars to determine how far north or south they were from the equator. European explorers were on a mission to find these new lands and new technologies, those causes stimulated effects for the aftermath of the exploration. One of the effects on European exploration was the Columbian Exchange. This exchange consisted of trading between the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia. The Americas sent over squash, pumpkins, turkey, peanuts, potatoes, tomatoes, corn, sweet potatoes, peppers, tobacco, pineapple, cacao, beans and vanilla. Europe, Africa and Asia sent over citrus fruits, bananas, grapes, sugar cane, honeybees, onions, olives, turnips, peaches, pears, and coffee beans. They also sent over items other then food such as grains, wheat, rice, barley and oats. They sent many types of live stock and a huge thing they sent over was disease. The Triangle Trade was another trading system between New England the West Indies and West Africa. New England sent West Africa rum, guns/ gunpowder, cloth and tools. West Africa sent sugar and molasses to New England and New England sent back livestock, lumber, flour and fish. As the trading increased during the sixteenth and throughout the eighteenth century, millions of people were taken out of their home and deported to plantations in the New World. Europeans risked their lives to explore new lands, the expansion abroad come with hopes for land, riches and social advancement.

Hyperglycemia vs. Hypoglycemia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hyperglycemia vs. Hypoglycemia - Essay Example Homeostasis is the survival and preservation of a reasonably stable internal setting, such as body temperature. It is the tendency of an organism to establish stability within its internal environment or fluid matrix; and it is through metabolism that an organism maintains homeostasis (Smith p.792). Metabolism is made up of several processes that maintain the structure and molecular composition of a living organism in quasi-stable state, consisting of two interdependent phases – catabolism and anabolism (Nahle, no page number). Anabolism is the term used to describe the total number of chemical reactions involved in a synthesis; while catabolism happens when cells are also constantly involved in the breakdown of larger molecules. Catabolism has two purposes: 1. It releases the energy for anabolism and other work of the cell, and 2. It serves as a source of raw materials for anabolic processes (Curtis p.166). When there is an absolute or relative deficiency of the action of insulin, a simple protein composed of two peptide chains joined by disulfide bridges, at the surface of or within certain body cells, the metabolic disorder known as diabetes mellitus results, which is an inherited disease. In the absence of insulin, glucose is not changed to glycogen and stored within the liver but accumulates in the blood, simply known as hyperglycemia; and when this accumulated blood escapes into the urine, it is called glycosuria (Smith p.733). Insulin also affects the metabolism of fats and proteins. As the disease progresses, the derangements related to these two foodstuffs becomes clear. The biochemical derangements occasioned by the lack of insulin in a diabetic patient are dramatic ones. There are severe fluid and electrolytic disturbances, acidosis develops and death may occur in diabetic coma. Infection is a hazard for the

Cosmetic Surgery Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cosmetic Surgery - Research Paper Example It can signify a new age of perfection-hunters, as standard-weight females cut an inch of superfluous fat out of their thighs or trench their sensation bras for bigger breasts—currently the most fashionable insidious procedure (Thompson 24-56). On the other hand, psychologists along with surgeons panic that numerous patients do not completely grasp the importance or prospective risks of these surgeries. â€Å"Individuals believe it is like departing for lunch,† claims Ane Wallace, Principal of plastic operation at Institution of higher education of California, San Diego medical structure. â€Å"Similar to any surgery, it requires to be taken critically (Neligan 44-890) One current research discovered that liposuction might thin one problem part while developing another. Young females who suction fat out of their thighs as well as lower abdomen eventually demolish their fat cells. When they ultimately put mass back on, it allocates unequally—frequently to less flattering sections such as the higher abdomen, back as well as arms (Neligan 44-890). Likewise, Wallace cautions that changing one characteristic at times takes away the emergence of others. A stomach tuck can result in thighs the thighs to become non-proportional, whereas plumped lips can create a usual sized nose unexpectedly seem obtrusive. Wallace has come across situations where Botox vaccination, which paralyzes specific facial physique, made the other functioning muscles to look extraordinarily strong and â€Å"odd.† Alarming still are the possible abnormalities. Marilyn Leiss considered she was going through an easy process to her eyes; 29 operations afterward she is still incapable of blinking. Meanwhile, a spoiled face-lift badly destroyed the nervous system of UK business lady Peny Johnson, who misplaced her commerce and became a hermit (Neligan 44-890). safe, â€Å"the results

Nude in art Essay Example for Free

Nude in art Essay The nude has changed dramatically throughout time in terms of its role in the art world. It has been used to portray a person’s power and their weakness, the way they see themselves and the way others see them. The majority of nude artworks are of the female nude, as highlighted by John Berger, ‘men look at women, women look back at themselves being looked at. ’ Vanessa Beecroft, a contemporary artist deems to challenge the way society views the nude in both high art and everyday contemporary society. She challenges the way women are judged on their appearance a base concept that is seen throughout many pervious images of the nude in art. In 1599 Pieter Pauwel Rubens depicts just that, the judgment of a women based on looks in his painting, The Judgment of Paris, which depicts Venus the goddess of beauty and love being judged as the most beautiful female by the judge Paris. In contrast to these female nudes, during the renaissance, Michelangelo’s nudes consisted of mainly males. He used the nude to show both desire and strength as well as his devotion to religion and art. The nude in art can been seen changing as society does throughout time. In the contemporary society we live in today, we, the audience, are more likely to accept the nude as part of everyday life because of the way mass media has influenced us as a society. However, before times when the nude was common sight and open sexual desire was seen as something preposterous, artists used the nude as a way of portraying their personal aesthetic ideals though religious figures, showing their love for both the art itself and their nude subjects. Michelangelo was first and foremost a sculptor. One of his most famous nude sculptures was that of David – depicted in the moments before he defeated Goliath. Created in 1504, Michelangelo sculpted for four years to create, in his own eyes, the finest sculpture of David possible. Michelangelo’s own dedication to the piece highlights his love for the subject as well as the art form. David was depicted as athletic but natural with some fetchers such as his hand and head enlarged for emphasis. David’s naked form symbolised his high religious status to Michelangelo. He felt that perfection such as David’s should not be hidden, this can be seen throughout a range of Michelangelo’s works, both sculpted and painted where he depicts religious figures of high value as nudes and covers lower class subjects with the cloth of a slave as if to cover their shame. Therefore, it can be seen that Michelangelo mirrors his own ideals in the form of religious figures to depict the perfection he desires as well as display this to the audience for them to subconsciously judge the subjects of his work under their own ideals. During the Baroque era, Rubens depicts the scene of the judgment of Paris, this painting allows the male subject to openly judge the female on their beauty alone. While depicting this mythological tale Rubens also himself paints the Venus to meet his ideal expectations of a woman’s desirable qualities, both physically and temperamental and offers her to the audience’s judgment also. Rubens has posed the women to show off their bodies in the most desirable way as well as highlight their key fetchers’ such as their nipples and lips in deep red and gold against their pure skin, he paints the woman with small breasts and wide hips – the ideal representation of female beauty at the time. Implied innocence hides the male voyeurism in this scene – all figures are equally naked however, only the female body is on show, all male’s in the image are either turning away from the audience or are modestly hidden by lavish draping’s, furthermore, the woman are surrounded by small winged children named, Putti; these figures are associated with love and sexual encounters. The ultimate goal for all the women in this painting is to win the love of Paris through their beauty and Venus’ ideal attraction symbolises the high value placed on this virtue and highlights their love and physical beauty as the most important quality they have to offer. Contemporary artist, Vanessa Beecroft challenges the way the nude has been viewed throughout past art as well as how it is perceived in modern society. Beecroft is most known for her confronting live performances in which a selection of like women are stood on high heels and not much else, facing the audience’s gaze. Beecroft aims to provoke reaction from the audience, both male and female, the gaze these models hold as well as their physical closeness to the audience highlight the fact that these women know they are being looked at and judged and consequently look back and judge the audience creating an uncomfortable but eye opening experience for both the models and the viewer. Beecroft challenges the way the nude body is perceived by both high art and by the public and questions a woman’s need to conform to societies expectations as well as focusing on how the concept of beauty can change over a period of time, Beecroft states, ‘maybe if they (the audience) see it twenty times they’ll start not to think of it in the same way, I’m not sure, it’s an experiment. In conclusion it can been seen that the nude has changed dramatically throughout time however, it has always been associated by different forms of beauty and judgment, due to the human nature of the artists that create such works. It can also be highlighted that the way the audience as well as the artist sees the nudes they depict can change during the artwork or during their lifetime depending on how they are influenced by the changing world around them.

The Spread of Disease In the New World :: American America History

The Spread of Disease In the New World The extraordinary good health of the natives prior to the coming of the Europeans would become a key ingredient in their disastrous undoing. The greatest cause of disease in America was epidemic diseases imported from Europe. Epidemic diseases killed with added virulence in the " virgin soil" populations of the Americas. The great plague that arose in the Old World never emerged on their own among the western hemisphere and did not spread across oceans until Columbus' discovery. Disease and parasitism play a pervasive role in all life. Many of these diseases start with microparasites, which are characterized by their ability to reproduce directly within an individual host. They are also characterized by their small size, short duration of infection, and the production of an immune response in infected and recovered individuals. Microparasites which damage hosts in the course of their association are recognized as pathogens. The level of the interaction and the extent of the resultant damage depends on both the virulence of the pathogen, as well as the host defenses. If the pathogen can overcome the host defenses, the host will be damaged and may not survive. If on the other hand the host defenses overcome the pathogen, the microparasite may fail to establish itself within the host and die. The main objectives of the pathogen are to gain entry inside the host, once inside grow and reproduce, and avoid host defenses. There are three possible routes of infection: respiratory, alimentary, and traumatic. The respiratory route is the easiest and most direct means of entry. Under crowded conditions, the rate of infection is even more rapid. The diseases brought over to America were mainly spread by the respiratory method. The alimentary pathway of infection is through the ingestion of contaminated food and water. Throughout Europe during the 15th century, food and water were contaminated with fecal matter and by unsanitary habits ( i.e. the lack of bathing). The traumatic route of infection is through insect and animal bites. The objective of the host is to "escape" from the pathogen. This can be done through the use of the immune system or by quickly dying. When a host dies with the pathogen still inside the pathogen dies as well. Resistance to invaders evolved as a result of the development of the mechanism of immunity. The development of immunity depends on the recognition of differences in chemical structures of substances.

Customer Satisfaction Essay

INDRODUCTION Customer satisfaction can help your business to achieve a sustainable competitive advantages, It’s about understanding the way a customer feels after purchasing a product or service and in particular, whether or not that product or service meet the customer’s expectation. Bias tyre construction utilizes body ply cords that extend diagonally from bead to bead, usually at angles in the range of 30 to 40 degree, with successive plies laid at opposing angles forming a crisscross pattern to which the tread is applied. The design allows the entire tyre body to flex easily. There are 9 varieties of bias tyre manufacturing by the MRF tyre company. Radial tyre construction utilizes body ply cords extending from the beads and across the tread so that the cords are laid at approximately right angles to the centerline of the tread, and parallel to each other as well as stabilizer belts directly beneath the tread. The belts may be cord or steel. 15 varieties of radial tyre manufactu ring are done by the MRF tyre company. PRODUCT PROFILE In the year of 1946 a young entrepreneur K.M.MAMMEN MAPPILLAI, opened a small toy balloon manufacturing unit in a shed at Chennai (Tiruvottiyur). During the period 1949 the factory was just a small shed without any machines. A variety of products, ranking from balloons and squeaking toys to industrial gloves and were produced. In the period of 1952 MRF ventured into the manufacture of tread rubber. And with that, the first machine a rubber mill was installed at the factory. This step into tread rubber manufacture was later to catapult MRF into a league that few had imagined possible. The quality of the product manufactured was of such a high standard that by the close of 1956, MRF had become the market leader with a 50% share of the tread-rubber market in India. In the period of 1961 after the success achieved in tread rubber, MRF entered into the manufacture of tyres. MRF established a technical collaboration with the Mansfield tyre and rubber company of USA. Around the same time, it also becomes a public company. During the year 1963 India’s first Prime  Minister Jawaharlal Nehru laid the foundation stone for the rubber research center at Chennai. In 1967 MRF became the first Indian company to export tyres to USA the v ery birthplace of tyre technology. During the year 1970 to 1972 MRF opened its factory in kottayam, Goa and Arakkonam (chennai). In the year 1973 MRF scored a major breakthrough by being among the very first in India to manufacture and market nylon passenger tyres commercially. During the year 1980 MRF entered into a technical collaboration with the B.F.GOODRICH tyre company of USA. In period of 1989 MRF was the clear market leader in every tyre segment. Once again, in recognition of excellence MRF was awarded the visvesvaraya award for the best business house in south India. In the year 1990 MRF collaborated with Hasbro international USA, the world’s largest toy markers and launched funskool India. At the same year MRF World Series cricket tournament for the Jawaharlal Nehru trophy was sponsored by the company. In 1991 MRF also opened the MRF tyredrome, India’s first tyre company owned wheel care complex at Chennai, at the same period MRF brought the 6th world cup boxing championship to Mumbai the first of its kind with 39 countries participating. In 1992 K.M.MammenMapillai was awarded the Padmashri award of national recognition for his contribution to industry the only industrialist from south Indian to be accorded this honor until that time. In 1993 and 1995, the company was voted by the far eastern economic review, as one of the ten leading corporate groups in India and a leader Asia. During the same time MRF was selected as one of Indian’s most admired marketing companies by the readers of the A&M magazine. During the year 1996 to 2000 MRF is spreading its wings by also involving in the development of cricket by sponsorship of many cricketers and also MRF pace foundation. At one point of time, MRF was the bat sponsor of world-class batsman including sachintendulkar, Brain lara and stere Waugh. At the same time MRF launches first ever F3 car and company’s turnover crossed INR 15 billion. MRF launched ZVIS tyres for passenger cars. The period between 2001to 2006 the company kept climbing the ladder with efficient and able directors and a change was announced that Mr. Arunmammen would be the managing directors. The MRF NYLOGRIP rapper for two-wheelers was launched  and MRF wins the JD power award, at the same time MRF turnover crossed INR 30 billion marks. During the year 20007 to 2010 MRF launches the super LUG 505. A premium mileage, rear fitment truck tyre for national highway operations on rated roads and MRF launches ZSLK tyres, MRF wins the JD power award again for the 6th time. After the bat sponsor of world-class batsman including Stere Waugh’s and Brian Lara’s retirement from international cricket. MRF contract with Sachin Tendulkar also expired on 2009. MRF is currently sponsoring GauthamGambhir and Rohit Sharma, two other members of the Indian cricket team. INDUSTRY PROFILE The very first tyres were bands of iron placed on the wooden wheels of carts and wagons, luckily, with the discovery of rubber things changed. It was in the mid 1800’s that the first tyres made using rubber appeared. They were simple tyres the rubber carried the load entirely. It was in 1845 that the pneumatic or air-filled tyre which works by air with in the tyre absorbing the shocks of the road was invented and patented by Robert William Thomson. His design used a number of thin inflated tubes inside a leather cover. This meant that it would take more than one puncture before the tyre deflated. However, despite this new break though in tyres, the old solid rubber variety was still favored by the public, leaving the pneumatic tyre out in the wilderness. It wasn’t until 1888 that john Boyd Dunlop, unbeknownst to him, reinvented the pneumatic tyre whilst trying to improve his son’s bike. Dunlop’s tyre like Thomson’s, didn’t seem to sell at first-until a bike race in Belfast was won by a rider using his tyres with that victory people began to take notice of the pneumatic tyre. In 1895 the pneumatic tyre was first used on automobiles by Andre and E dotard Michelin. It was also around this time that legislation was put into effect that discouraged the use of solid rubber tyres. All over the world companies sprang up to meet the new demand for the new tyres. Tyres remained fundamentally unchanged though out the 20’s and 30’s until Michelin introduced steel-belted radial tyres in 1948. This new type of pneumatic tyre meant that they would have a longer life thanks to ply  cords that radiate from a 90 degree angle from the wheel rim. It also meant that tyre had less rolling resistance increasing the mileage of a vehicle. This new radial tyre was very successful outside of the US, with companies in Italy, France, Japan and Germany producing them in large numbers. In the US however, a battle commenced. American car manufactures were afraid that the cost to redesign their cars in order to use these radial tyres was too much and so stuck to the older bias ply tyres. It wasn’t until the 70’s where there was a fuel crisis-that the American public, because of the rising cost of petrol, demanded more economical cars. This led to the introduction of cars that could easily fit the high mileage radial tyres. By 1983 all new American cars came fitted with radial tyres.

Othello coursework

Throughout the course of the play â€Å"Othello†, Iago is portrayed as the typical sinister villain with no motives for his evil plans, but he also brings many comical aspects to the production. Many audiences would have disliked Iago because of the fact that he is the stereotypical villain, yet we are compelled to watch in suspense, his next move. He is definitely a very complex character to understand. He appears to lack motivation for his evil plans and bases his reasoning on ideas he has conjured up in his head, such as the idea of his loving wife Emilia having an affair with Othello. Jacobean audiences in particular would have been shocked by Iago's behaviour for the fact that he uses a lot of blasphemous language such as â€Å"S'blood†. This would have been frowned upon in Jacobean society due to the this religious era; whereas today, it would not be seen as such a sin to take the Lord's name in vain. Many directors such as Sam Mendes have chosen to present their adaptation of the play as a homoerotic thriller and have portrayed Iago as the lusty servant who is in fact jealous of Desdemona, whereas other performances like Michael Grandage's production portrayed Iago as simply a motiveless character. In my opinion, Iago is undoubtedly one of Shakespeare's most notorious villains; without him there would be no story line. It is him who influences the characters to carry out the terrible tasks that keep the play entertaining and full of suspense. In many productions of Othello, Iago is a Machiavellian. This term originates from a text called â€Å"The Prince† which was written in the early sixteenth century by a figure of the Italian renaissance named Niccoli Machiavelli. He wrote in one of his books that â€Å"the end justifies the means† which was misunderstood by audiences who interpreted it as â€Å"any evil action can be justified if it is done for a good purpose†. Niccoli Machiavelli insinuated that all the rulers that had remained in power had not been kind and caring men, concerned with justice and fairness, but were infact cruel individuals, willing to do anything to ensure the security of their state and their own personal power. Iago shows the audience his Machiavellian ways in Act two Scene one when he says â€Å"Make the Moor thank me, love me and reward me. For making him egregiously an ass. † This truly reveals his duplicitous nature and shows how much he enjoys other people's misery. Many critics have suggested that Iago may have been a warning to King James about his untrustworthy followers, as there was a lot of uncertainty about how he was ruling England at the time. Iago also reveals a duplicitous nature in Act one, scene two, when he swears to the Greek god â€Å"Janus†; the name of a Roman mythical God with two faces which could be reflected as a two faced image. Malicious is one of many adjectives used to describe Iago, but is it entirely accurate? Throughout most of the play, he is portrayed as an open and trustworthy person by every character; all of them refer to him as â€Å"honest Iago† Yet, as the audience are well informed by the end of the first act, he appears to be quite the opposite, as he states â€Å"I am not what I am† although ironically, he always tells the audience the truth In act one scene three, Shakespeare cleverly brings in the use of rhetoric as Iago tries to persuade Roderigo that Desdemona will soon tire of Othello. He states that â€Å"she must change for youth; which she is sated with his body she will find the error of her choice†, and then goes on to reveal his hatred for Othello and how he wishes for Roderigo to help him seek revenge. In a speech made by Iago, he mentions Roderigo's money eight times! He uses repetition to encourage Roderigo to make money, but the implication to the audience is that the money is for Iago and not Roderigo. Roderigo then says, â€Å"I'll sell all my land† which tells the audience that Iago's plan has worked. This prepares us for later on in the play when Iago uses his powerful manipulation to bring Othello to his downfall. Although Iago is often called the villain of the play, he also brings many entertaining moments; he is the only source of humour in the play. This may be perhaps, because he has caused all the misery in the play so is enjoying watching people suffer! He expresses his misogynistic views in Act Two Scene One in a heated discussion with Desdemona. Iago begins the discussion through the means of criticizing his wife, Emilia. He says â€Å"Sir, would she give you so much of her lips as of her tongue she oft bestows on me You would have enough† meaning Emilia often nags him. This shows that Shakespeare wished to amuse the audience too, as they would find this very entertaining possibly because they could relate to what Iago was saying, as it could be interpreted as a commonly stereotypical comment. Another scene where Iago is entertaining to the audience is in Act Two scene Three, where he pretends to be drunk in order to encourage Casio to drink more and become disorderly; in this scene Shakespeare is really playing to his audience. When the men are drinking, Iago makes a number of comments about the English, and what heavy drinkers they are compared to other countries, â€Å"Your Dane, Your German, and your swag-bellied Hollander – drink, ho! – are nothing to your English. † These comments would have met with a very wild reception from the crowd. This indicates to us that this play, despite its exotic settings, is very relevant to an English Jacobean audience. Also in this scene, Iago is at his best and plays a number of different parts to ensure the success of his plan. The three roles that he plays are: The ancient concerned for the sake of his master, the soldier desperate to maintain the peace of the city and the faithful friend of Cassio. The audience by now would be fully aware that he is really none of these roles, which brings us back to the idea that he is a complete machiavellian. Throughout the play, Iago uses his powerful language techniques to amuse and persuade the characters in order to get what he wants. During this process, Iago makes a number of powerful soliloquies that reveal his motives and plans. These soliloquies let the audience see the true personality and characteristic traits of the person speaking. Throughout, Iago is referred to as â€Å"honest Iago† or â€Å"good friend† but the audience are fully aware that these terms do not reflect Iago's true personality because they know what he is like as he has revealed his true self in his soliloquies. This brings a lot of dramatic irony to the play; the audience are fully aware of what has happened or what is about to happen, whilst the other characters remain unaware. A great example of this in the play, is in act 5 Scene 2. By this point, Othello had already killed Desdemona and had found out about Iago's lies; Othello then asks Iago, â€Å"why hath thus ensnared my soul and body? † ( meaning why have you done this to me? ) Iago replies, â€Å"demand me nothing; what you know, you know. From this time forth I never will speak word† This is hugely ironic because up to this, he had used words to his power, as the tool that caused Othello's downfall. This would be very frustrating for audiences who have been puzzled throughout the play as to what motivates Iago to cause such trouble. In conclusion, I believe Iago's character structures this play and creates the story line; some of the most exciting plots are centred around him – he murders his wife, arouses Brabantio, kills Roderigo and gets Othello's army drunk; His actions definitely drive the plot forward. His soliliques not only ensure he has a very intimate relationship with the audience, but they are the only dramatic device of the play. Although there is evidence to prove Iago is not racist, he is just jealous of Othello as he talks about Othello giving Cassio the promotion instead of him. To us, he is the character who keeps the plot alive and full of action. His character was used recently by a critic, Germaine Greer when she compared Shakespearian with current times to emphasise her point. She stated, â€Å"we no longer feel, as Shakespeare's contemporaries did, the ubiquity of satin, but Iago is still serviceable to us, as an objective correlative of the mindless inventiveness of racist aggression. Iago is still alive and kicking and filling migrants letterboxes with excrement† So, it really is a question of, should the play have been called â€Å"Iago† instead of â€Å"Othello†?

Top 9 Job Market Trends Youll See in 2017- TheJobNetwork

Top 9 Job Market Trends Youll See in 2017- TheJobNetwork There are a lot of variables going into any given year that might affect the job market or economic climate in general. In 2017, with new administrations, this is even more true. Fortunately, there are a few trends we already know we can expect for this year. 1. Candidate/Employee SatisfactionAfter facing a lot of bad press for subpar candidate experience and employee dissatisfaction, companies are now trying to boost their PR by proving that they have a constructive and better experience for applicants. Companies are also paying attention to employee loyalty and retention and how to boost those things. Data scientists are starting to pay attention to the HR process in general. This means it’s going to be a better environment for new hires and job seekers if these trends keep up.2. AutomationThis has been a worry for years, but it seems only to be trending more and more. Blue collar jobs in manual labor and manufacturing have long been impacted, and that impact will only grow. But tech jobs and other white collar opportunities are likely to shrink, as analytic tools are becoming more automated as computers get smarter. If you’re in a job likely to be replaced by automation, start figuring out how to tweak or transition now while you’re not up against any walls.3. Awareness of Gendered PayCompanies are finally starting to pay attention to the fact that women are paid consistently less for doing the same work. Employers will hopefully start taking action in 2017 to correct this pay gap.4. Goodbye GigsThe so-called gig economy isn’t going to be so dominant. (And, in fact, only about 4.3% of the population makes money from platforms like Uber, Airbnb, etc.) Jobs are prizing creativity, judgment, personal skills, and critical thinking- all things that require working as a team and don’t allow for as much location or schedule flexibility.5. A Decrease in  BenefitsFewer and fewer companies are offering benefits- let alone the flash y packages of Cadillac perks. Say goodbye to free food, gym passes, game pods, on-site acupuncture, even paid leave. If you can get a pension and health care, you’ll be doing really well.6. The Rise of FreelanceMore and more, the â€Å"blended† workforce will become a dominant thing, with teams being built of long-term and freelance employees. Offices will hire on-demand to get out of offering benefits or to handle short-term projects on a case by case basis. As much as 40% of the workforce might be freelance in the coming year.7. Constant ReviewThe concept of the â€Å"annual review† is on the wane. Expect to be evaluated more casually, more often, and without the usual warning/on-boarding.8. Emphasis on â€Å"The Team†The concept of the team will reign supreme, and might even be more important than individual performance. Companies will start to restructure, making teams a huge priority, and focusing on â€Å"organizational design.†9. Casual Cult ureCasual Fridays attire might become the norm. Fewer and fewer jobs are requiring employees to show up in suits and ties these days. Company cultures are becoming a bit more open, with shared workspace and lax dress codes. Don’t let this affect your performance though; that should never be casual!

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 29

Analysis - Essay Example The amount of tourists in the country affects the amount of money vacation lodges make. An external factor influences the existence of vacation lodges in the industry. Competition among various lodges is significant, and it is an external factor. Increase in disposable income increases demand for vacation lodges in an area. The level of disposable income plays an important role in determining the number of tourists that will apply for the lodge (Glaeser, 2014). In relation to, provision of quality services is an internal factor, which is under control of the business. There are few barriers to entry of the market. It has a moderate start up cost and the main threat to the business is a similar business. Tour Operators are prominent individuals in the tourism industry due to their services. Barrier to entry to the industry is an external factor, which the company cannot control. Barriers to the entry of the market are moderate. Advertising and marketing of the enterprise are internal, which is under the supervision of the enterprise. They can play a major role in attracting customers. Competition is by virtue of loyalty of customer and provision of quality services retains customers and builds a brand name (Day, Eliason, Wallenberg & Schumpeter, 2013). Stanisavljev, S., Djordjevic, D., & Cockalo, D. (2014). Analysis of competitiveness of domestic enterprises on the global market. Singidunum Journal Of Applied Sciences, 9(1), 1-8.

Choose a business firm and discuss What can you say about the firm Term Paper

Choose a business firm and discuss What can you say about the firm from society's perspective - Term Paper Example Nike is considered amongst the top companies that have strong social listening amongst its customers. There is an impression created in the mind of each consumer that the company listens to its customers while developing a product. The product is very much similar to the desired needs of customers which is why the product is appealed more to customers. Social listening and customer advocacy are the important tool for Nike to earn greater profits throughout the different economies of the world. This has led in the development of new designs in the category of shoes and has led to create an option of iPhone application which became a huge success for the company (Nike Inc, 2011). Nike is very considerate about the community work and focuses in participating towards helping the society to be a better place for humans. They have many objectives regarding social responsibility and are particularly concerned about achieving every one of them. Nike has a plan to reduce the emission of carbo n dioxide from the environment by 20% until the very end of the year 2015 (Nike Inc, 2013). The objective was taken as a step to avoid further global warming around the world. ... Nike has a stance that serving the community and performing social corporate responsibility can earn a company huge profits and increases the financial performance of the company. It helps in changing the perception of customers while purchasing their product (Nike Inc, 2009). It becomes highly preferential for a customer to purchase the particular product whose parent company is so willing to serve their community. The idea has developed its image throughout the world, and has provided the company an edge over its competitors. The goodwill of the company is also maintained in the eyes of customers because they are emotionally attached towards buying the company’s products (Nike Inc, 2009). Although the company has some bright perspectives but it is also a reason to contribute towards child labor in different parts of the world. Nike has suppliers all over the world which supplies Nike products according to their guidelines and standards. However, most suppliers employ child s o they could pay less to them and earn even more. The idea affected the reputation of Nike when people got aware of its conduct. The company denied the charges and blamed suppliers for not adhering to their guidelines. However, Nike developed a thorough supplier guidelines and code of conduct in order to manage their work overseas (Nike Inc, 2009). Nike has a positive approach in evaluating the performance of each employee by looking at their contribution in the company. The company monitors individual performance through the use of HR department. As to avoid employee discrimination, the company has created a concept of a drop box. An employee can make complains about the system and the management or being discriminated in a